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Custos humanos das guerras ao terrorismo dos EUA infographic
A infografia mostra os custos humanos das guerras ao terrorismo do pós-11 de setembro.
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Mortes diretas das guerras no Iraque Afeganistão e Paquistão

By Ninian Carter

September 11, 2019 - Foram mortas entre 480.000 e 507.000 pessoas nas guerras pós-11 Set dos Estados Unidos no Iraque, Afeganistão e Paquistão, segundo um estudo da Universidade de Brown.

The “Cost of War” study summarises the following findings:

• Over 480,000 people have died due to direct war violence, including armed forces on all sides of the conflicts, contractors, civilians, journalists, and humanitarian workers.

• It is likely that many times more have died indirectly in these wars, due to malnutrition, damaged infrastructure, and environmental degradation.

• 244,000 civilians have been killed in direct violence by all parties to these conflicts.

• Over 6,950 U.S. soldiers have died in the wars.

• We do not know the full extent of how many U.S. service members returning from these wars became injured or ill while deployed.

• Many deaths and injuries among U.S. contractors have not been reported as required by law, but it is likely that at least 7,800 have been killed.

• 21 million Afghan, Iraqi, Pakistani, and Syrian people are living as war refugees and internally displaced persons, in grossly inadequate conditions.

• The U.S. government is conducting counter-terror activities in 76 countries, vastly expanding the counter-terror war across the globe.

• The wars have been accompanied by erosions in civil liberties and human rights at home and abroad.

• The human and economic costs of these wars will continue for decades with some costs, such as the financial costs of U.S. veterans’ care, not peaking until mid-century.

• U.S. government funding of reconstruction efforts in Iraq and Afghanistan has totalled over $170 billion. Most of those funds have gone towards arming security forces in both countries. Much of the money allocated to humanitarian relief and rebuilding civil society has been lost to fraud, waste, and abuse.

• The cost of the Iraq, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Syria wars totals about $5.9 trillion. This does not include future interest costs on borrowing for the wars, which will add an estimated $8 trillion in the next 40 years.

• The ripple effects on the US economy have also been significant, including job loss and interest rate increases.

• Both Iraq and Afghanistan continue to rank extremely low in global studies of political freedom.

• Women in Iraq and Afghanistan are excluded from political power and experience high rates of unemployment and war widowhood.

• Compelling alternatives to war were scarcely considered in the aftermath of 9/11 or in the discussion about war against Iraq. Some of those alternatives are still available to the US.

Sources
PUBLISHED: 10/09/2019; STORY: Graphic News; PICTURES: Associated Press
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